EMT Practice Test

1. Question Content...

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Question1: A company has adopted and established a continuous-monitoring capability, which has proven to be effective in vulnerability management, diagnostics, and mitigation. The company wants to increase the likelihood that it is able to discover and therefore respond to emerging threats earlier in the life cycle.
Which of the following methodologies would BEST help the company to meet this objective? (Choose two.)

Question2: After a large organization has completed the acquisition of a smaller company, the smaller company must implement new host-based security controls to connect its employees' devices to the network. Given that the network requires 802.1X EAP-PEAP to identify and authenticate devices, which of the following should the security administrator do to integrate the new employees' devices into the network securely?

Question3: During a security assessment, an organization is advised of inadequate control over network segmentation. The assessor explains that the organization's reliance on VLANs to segment traffic is insufficient to provide segmentation based on regulatory standards. Which of the following should the organization consider implementing along with VLANs to provide a greater level of segmentation?

Question4: A forensics analyst suspects that a breach has occurred. Security logs show the company's OS patch system may be compromised, and it is serving patches that contain a zero-day exploit and backdoor. The analyst extracts an executable file from a packet capture of communication between a client computer and the patch server. Which of the following should the analyst use to confirm this suspicion?

Question5: Engineers at a company believe a certain type of data should be protected from competitors, but the data owner insists the information is not sensitive. An information security engineer is implementing controls to secure the corporate SAN. The controls require dividing data into four groups: non-sensitive, sensitive but accessible, sensitive but export-controlled, and extremely sensitive.
Which of the following actions should the engineer take regarding the data?

Question6: A security architect is determining the best solution for a new project. The project is developing a new intranet with advanced authentication capabilities, SSO for users, and automated provisioning to streamline Day 1 access to systems. The security architect has identified the following requirements:
1. Information should be sourced from the trusted master data source.
2. There must be future requirements for identity proofing of devices and users.
3. A generic identity connector that can be reused must be developed.
4. The current project scope is for internally hosted applications only.
Which of the following solution building blocks should the security architect use to BEST meet the requirements?

Question7: A security analyst has requested network engineers integrate sFlow into the SOC's overall monitoring picture. For this to be a useful addition to the monitoring capabilities, which of the following must be considered by the engineering team?

Question8: An infrastructure team is at the end of a procurement process and has selected a vendor. As part of the final negotiations, there are a number of outstanding issues, including:
1. Indemnity clauses have identified the maximum liability
2. The data will be hosted and managed outside of the company's geographical location The number of users accessing the system will be small, and no sensitive data will be hosted in the solution. As the security consultant on the project, which of the following should the project's security consultant recommend as the NEXT step?

Question9: A security analyst is troubleshooting a scenario in which an operator should only be allowed to reboot remote hosts but not perform other activities. The analyst inspects the following portions of different configuration files:
Configuration file 1:
Operator ALL=/sbin/reboot
Configuration file 2:
Command="/sbin/shutdown now", no-x11-forwarding, no-pty, ssh-dss
Configuration file 3:
Operator:x:1000:1000::/home/operator:/bin/bash
Which of the following explains why an intended operator cannot perform the intended action?

Question10: A penetration tester has been contracted to conduct a physical assessment of a site. Which of the following is the MOST plausible method of social engineering to be conducted during this engagement?

Question11: In the past, the risk committee at Company A has shown an aversion to even minimal amounts of risk acceptance. A security engineer is preparing recommendations regarding the risk of a proposed introducing legacy ICS equipment. The project will introduce a minor vulnerability into the enterprise. This vulnerability does not significantly expose the enterprise to risk and would be expensive against.
Which of the following strategies should the engineer recommended be approved FIRST?

Question12: An organization is currently working with a client to migrate data between a legacy ERP system and a cloud-based ERP tool using a global PaaS provider. As part of the engagement, the organization is performing data deduplication and sanitization of client data to ensure compliance with regulatory requirements. Which of the following is the MOST likely reason for the need to sanitize the client data?

Question13: A security engineer is attempting to increase the randomness of numbers used in key generation in a system. The goal of the effort is to strengthen the keys against predictive analysis attacks.
Which of the following is the BEST solution?

Question14: A government organization operates and maintains several ICS environments. The categorization of one of the ICS environments led to a moderate baseline. The organization has complied a set of applicable security controls based on this categorization.
Given that this is a unique environment, which of the following should the organization do NEXT to determine if other security controls should be considered?

Question15: A company is developing requirements for a customized OS build that will be used in an embedded environment. The company procured hardware that is capable of reducing the likelihood of successful buffer overruns while executables are processing. Which of the following capabilities must be included for the OS to take advantage of this critical hardware-based countermeasure?

Question16: Given the following output from a security tool in Kali:

Question17: A systems security engineer is assisting an organization's market survey team in reviewing requirements for an upcoming acquisition of mobile devices. The engineer expresses concerns to the survey team about a particular class of devices that uses a separate SoC for baseband radio I/O. For which of the following reasons is the engineer concerned?

Question18: A Chief Information Security Officer (CISO is reviewing and revising system configuration and hardening guides that were developed internally and have been used several years to secure the organization's systems. The CISO knows improvements can be made to the guides.
Which of the following would be the BEST source of reference during the revision process?

Question19: A server (10.0.0.2) on the corporate network is experiencing a DoS from a number of marketing desktops that have been compromised and are connected to a separate network segment. The security engineer implements the following configuration on the management router:

Which of the following is the engineer implementing?

Question20: Management is reviewing the results of a recent risk assessment of the organization's policies and procedures. During the risk assessment it is determined that procedures associated with background checks have not been effectively implemented. In response to this risk, the organization elects to revise policies and procedures related to background checks and use a third-party to perform background checks on all new employees. Which of the following risk management strategies has the organization employed?

Question21: A project manager is working with a team that is tasked to develop software applications in a structured environment and host them in a vendor's cloud-based infrastructure. The organization will maintain responsibility for the software but will not manage the underlying server applications. Which of the following does the organization plan to leverage?

Question22: A network engineer is attempting to design-in resiliency characteristics for an enterprise network's VPN services.
If the engineer wants to help ensure some resilience against zero-day vulnerabilities exploited against the VPN implementation, which of the following decisions would BEST support this objective?

Question23: Which of the following BEST represents a risk associated with merging two enterprises during an acquisition?

Question24: An engineer is evaluating the control profile to assign to a system containing PII, financial, and proprietary data.

Based on the data classification table above, which of the following BEST describes the overall classification?

Question25: A SaaS-based email service provider often receives reports from legitimate customers that their IP netblocks are on blacklists and they cannot send email. The SaaS has confirmed that affected customers typically have IP addresses within broader network ranges and some abusive customers within the same IP ranges may have performed spam campaigns. Which of the following actions should the SaaS provider perform to minimize legitimate customer impact?

Question26: An organization's network engineering team recently deployed a new software encryption solution to ensure the confidentiality of data at rest, which was found to add 300ms of latency to data read-write requests in storage, impacting business operations.
Which of the following alternative approaches would BEST address performance requirements while meeting the intended security objective?

Question27: During a security event investigation, a junior analyst fails to create an image of a server's hard drive before removing the drive and sending it to the forensics analyst. Later, the evidence from the analysis is not usable in the prosecution of the attackers due to the uncertainty of tampering. Which of the following should the junior analyst have followed?

Question28: A company wants to perform analysis of a tool that is suspected to contain a malicious payload. A forensic analyst is given the following snippet:
^32^[34fda19(fd^43gfd/home/user/lib/module.so.343jk^rfw(342fds43g
Which of the following did the analyst use to determine the location of the malicious payload?

Question29: A company has created a policy to allow employees to use their personally owned devices. The Chief Information Officer (CISO) is getting reports of company data appearing on unapproved forums and an increase in theft of personal electronic devices.
Which of the following security controls would BEST reduce the risk of exposure?

Question30: A security engineer is attempting to convey the importance of including job rotation in a company's standard security policies. Which of the following would be the BEST justification?

Question31: A software development manager is running a project using agile development methods. The company cybersecurity engineer has noticed a high number of vulnerabilities have been making it into production code on the project.
Which of the following methods could be used in addition to an integrated development environment to reduce the severity of the issue?

Question32: A software development team has spent the last 18 months developing a new web-based front-end that will allow clients to check the status of their orders as they proceed through manufacturing. The marketing team schedules a launch party to present the new application to the client base in two weeks. Before the launch, the security team discovers numerous flaws that may introduce dangerous vulnerabilities, allowing direct access to a database used by manufacturing. The development team did not plan to remediate these vulnerabilities during development. Which of the following SDLC best practices should the development team have followed?

Question33: Given the following code snippet:

Which of the following failure modes would the code exhibit?

Question34: An information security officer is responsible for one secure network and one office network. Recent intelligence suggests there is an opportunity for attackers to gain access to the secure network due to similar login credentials across networks. To determine the users who should change their information, the information security officer uses a tool to scan a file with hashed values on both networks and receives the following data:

Which of the following tools was used to gather this information from the hashed values in the file?

Question35: An information security manager is concerned that connectivity used to configure and troubleshoot critical network devices could be attacked. The manager has tasked a network security engineer with meeting the following requirements:
Encrypt all traffic between the network engineer and critical devices.

Segregate the different networking planes as much as possible.

Do not let access ports impact configuration tasks.

Which of the following would be the BEST recommendation for the network security engineer to present?

Question36: Which of the following is an external pressure that causes companies to hire security assessors and penetration testers?

Question37: A forensic analyst suspects that a buffer overflow exists in a kernel module. The analyst executes the following command:
dd if=/dev/ram of=/tmp/mem/dmp
The analyst then reviews the associated output:
^34^#AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA/bin/bash^21^03#45
However, the analyst is unable to find any evidence of the running shell.
Which of the following of the MOST likely reason the analyst cannot find a process ID for the shell?

Question38: A security researches is gathering information about a recent spoke in the number of targeted attacks against multinational banks. The spike is on top of already sustained attacks against the banks. Some of the previous attacks have resulted in the loss of sensitive data, but as of yet the attackers have not successfully stolen any funds.
Based on the information available to the researcher, which of the following is the MOST likely threat profile?

Question39: After investigating virus outbreaks that have cost the company $1,000 per incident, the company's Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) has been researching new antivirus software solutions to use and be fully supported for the next two years. The CISO has narrowed down the potential solutions to four candidates that meet all the company's performance and capability requirements:

Using the table above, which of the following would be the BEST business-driven choice among five possible solutions?

Question40: An enterprise with global sites processes and exchanges highly sensitive information that is protected under several countries' arms trafficking laws. There is new information that malicious nation-state- sponsored activities are targeting the use of encryption between the geographically disparate sites. The organization currently employs ECDSA and ECDH with P-384, SHA-384, and AES-256-GCM on VPNs between sites.
Which of the following techniques would MOST likely improve the resilience of the enterprise to attack on cryptographic implementation?

Question41: A software development team is conducting functional and user acceptance testing of internally developed web applications using a COTS solution. For automated testing, the solution uses valid user credentials from the enterprise directory to authenticate to each application. The solution stores the username in plain text and the corresponding password as an encoded string in a script within a file, located on a globally accessible network share. The account credentials used belong to the development team lead. To reduce the risks associated with this scenario while minimizing disruption to ongoing testing, which of the following are the BEST actions to take? (Choose two.)

Question42: A security engineer is designing a system in which offshore, outsourced staff can push code from the development environment to the production environment securely. The security engineer is concerned with data loss, while the business does not want to slow down its development process. Which of the following solutions BEST balances security requirements with business need?

Question43: Which of the following is the GREATEST security concern with respect to BYOD?

Question44: A security controls assessor intends to perform a holistic configuration compliance test of networked assets. The assessor has been handed a package of definitions provided in XML format, and many of the files have two common tags within them: "<object object_ref=... />"and "<state state_ref=...
/>".Which of the following tools BEST supports the use of these definitions?

Question45: Ann, a member of the finance department at a large corporation, has submitted a suspicious email she received to the information security team. The team was not expecting an email from Ann, and it contains a PDF file inside a ZIP compressed archive. The information security learn is not sure which files were opened. A security team member uses an air-gapped PC to open the ZIP and PDF, and it appears to be a social engineering attempt to deliver an exploit.
Which of the following would provide greater insight on the potential impact of this attempted attack?

Question46: An engineer is assisting with the design of a new virtualized environment that will house critical company services and reduce the datacenter's physical footprint. The company has expressed concern about the integrity of operating systems and wants to ensure a vulnerability exploited in one datacenter segment would not lead to the compromise of all others. Which of the following design objectives should the engineer complete to BEST mitigate the company's concerns? (Choose two.)

Question47: An internal penetration tester was assessing a recruiting page for potential issues before it was pushed to the production website. The penetration tester discovers an issue that must be corrected before the page goes live. The web host administrator collects the log files below and gives them to the development team so improvements can be made to the security design of the website.

Which of the following types of attack vector did the penetration tester use?

Question48: To meet a SLA, which of the following document should be drafted, defining the company's internal interdependent unit responsibilities and delivery timelines.

Question49: Due to a recent breach, the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) has requested the following activities be conducted during incident response planning:
Involve business owners and stakeholders

Create an applicable scenario

Conduct a biannual verbal review of the incident response plan

Report on the lessons learned and gaps identified

Which of the following exercises has the CEO requested?

Question50: Given the code snippet below:

Which of the following vulnerability types in the MOST concerning?

Question51: A newly hired systems administrator is trying to connect a new and fully updated, but very customized, Android device to access corporate resources. However, the MDM enrollment process continually fails.
The administrator asks a security team member to look into the issue. Which of the following is the MOST likely reason the MDM is not allowing enrollment?

Question52: The risk subcommittee of a corporate board typically maintains a master register of the most prominent risks to the company. A centralized holistic view of risk is particularly important to the corporate Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) because:

Question53: A systems administrator has installed a disk wiping utility on all computers across the organization and configured it to perform a seven-pass wipe and an additional pass to overwrite the disk with zeros. The company has also instituted a policy that requires users to erase files containing sensitive information when they are no longer needed.
To ensure the process provides the intended results, an auditor reviews the following content from a randomly selected decommissioned hard disk:

Which of the following should be included in the auditor's report based on the above findings?

Question54: Following a security assessment, the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) is reviewing the results of the assessment and evaluating potential risk treatment strategies. As part of the CISO's evaluation, a judgment of potential impact based on the identified risk is performed. To prioritize response actions, the CISO uses past experience to take into account the exposure factor as well as the external accessibility of the weakness identified. Which of the following is the CISO performing?

Question55: An organization enables BYOD but wants to allow users to access the corporate email, calendar, and contacts from their devices. The data associated with the user's accounts is sensitive, and therefore, the organization wants to comply with the following requirements:
Active full-device encryption

Enabled remote-device wipe

Blocking unsigned applications

Containerization of email, calendar, and contacts

Which of the following technical controls would BEST protect the data from attack or loss and meet the above requirements?

Question56: A web developer has implemented HTML5 optimizations into a legacy web application. One of the modifications the web developer made was the following client side optimization:
localStorage.setItem("session-cookie", document.cookie);
Which of the following should the security engineer recommend?

Question57: An internal staff member logs into an ERP platform and clicks on a record. The browser URL changes to:
URL: http://192.168.0.100/ERP/accountId=5&action=SELECT
Which of the following is the MOST likely vulnerability in this ERP platform?

Question58: Given the following code snippet:

Of which of the following is this snippet an example?

Question59: Two competing companies experienced similar attacks on their networks from various threat actors. To improve response times, the companies wish to share some threat intelligence about the sources and methods of attack. Which of the following business documents would be BEST to document this engagement?

Question60: After multiple service interruptions caused by an older datacenter design, a company decided to migrate away from its datacenter. The company has successfully completed the migration of all datacenter servers and services to a cloud provider. The migration project includes the following phases:
Selection of a cloud provider

Architectural design

Microservice segmentation

Virtual private cloud

Geographic service redundancy

Service migration

The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) is still concerned with the availability requirements of critical company applications. Which of the following should the company implement NEXT?

Question61: An engineer maintains a corporate-owned mobility infrastructure, and the organization requires that all web browsing using corporate-owned resources be monitored. Which of the following would allow the organization to meet its requirement? (Choose two.)

Question62: Company.org has requested a black-box security assessment be performed on key cyber terrain. On area of concern is the company's SMTP services. The security assessor wants to run reconnaissance before taking any additional action and wishes to determine which SMTP server is Internet-facing.
Which of the following commands should the assessor use to determine this information?
dnsrecon -d company.org -t SOA

Question63: A security consultant is attempting to discover if the company is utilizing databases on client machines to store the customer data. The consultant reviews the following information:

Which of the following commands would have provided this output?

Question64: A security analyst is inspecting pseudocode of the following multithreaded application:
1. perform daily ETL of data
1.1 validate that yesterday's data model file exists
1.2 validate that today's data model file does not exist
1.2 extract yesterday's data model
1.3 transform the format
1.4 load the transformed data into today's data model file
1.5 exit
Which of the following security concerns is evident in the above pseudocode?

Question65: A security consultant is improving the physical security of a sensitive site and takes pictures of the unbranded building to include in the report. Two weeks later, the security consultant misplaces the phone, which only has one hour of charge left on it. The person who finds the phone removes the MicroSD card in an attempt to discover the owner to return it.
The person extracts the following data from the phone and EXIF data from some files:
DCIM Images folder
Audio books folder
Torrentz
My TAX.xls
Consultancy HR Manual.doc
Camera: SM-G950F
Exposure time: 1/60s
Location: 3500 Lacey Road USA
Which of the following BEST describes the security problem?

Question66: A company has hired an external security consultant to conduct a thorough review of all aspects of corporate security. The company is particularly concerned about unauthorized access to its physical offices resulting in network compromises. Which of the following should the consultant recommend be performed to evaluate potential risks?

Question67: A financial consulting firm recently recovered from some damaging incidents that were associated with malware installed via rootkit. Post-incident analysis is ongoing, and the incident responders and systems administrators are working to determine a strategy to reduce the risk of recurrence. The firm's systems are running modern operating systems and feature UEFI and TPMs. Which of the following technical options would provide the MOST preventive value?

Question68: A medical device company is implementing a new COTS antivirus solution in its manufacturing plant. All validated machines and instruments must be retested for interoperability with the new software.
Which of the following would BEST ensure the software and instruments are working as designed?

Question69: An agency has implemented a data retention policy that requires tagging data according to type before storing it in the data repository. The policy requires all business emails be automatically deleted after two years. During an open records investigation, information was found on an employee's work computer concerning a conversation that occurred three years prior and proved damaging to the agency's reputation. Which of the following MOST likely caused the data leak?

Question70: A hospital's security team recently determined its network was breached and patient data was accessed by an external entity. The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) of the hospital approaches the executive management team with this information, reports the vulnerability that led to the breach has already been remediated, and explains the team is continuing to follow the appropriate incident response plan. The executive team is concerned about the hospital's brand reputation and asks the CISO when the incident should be disclosed to the affected patients. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate response?

Question71: A company has gone through a round of phishing attacks. More than 200 users have had their workstation infected because they clicked on a link in an email. An incident analysis has determined an executable ran and compromised the administrator account on each workstation. Management is demanding the information security team prevent this from happening again.
Which of the following would BEST prevent this from happening again?

Question72: A security engineer is performing an assessment again for a company. The security engineer examines the following output from the review:
Which of the following tools is the engineer utilizing to perform this assessment?

Question73: A security incident responder discovers an attacker has gained access to a network and has overwritten key system files with backdoor software. The server was reimaged and patched offline. Which of the following tools should be implemented to detect similar attacks?

Question74: An administrator has noticed mobile devices from an adjacent company on the corporate wireless network.
Malicious activity is being reported from those devices. To add another layer of security in an enterprise environment, an administrator wants to add contextual authentication to allow users to access enterprise resources only while present in corporate buildings. Which of the following technologies would accomplish this?

Question75: An organization is in the process of integrating its operational technology and information technology areas. As part of the integration, some of the cultural aspects it would like to see include more efficient use of resources during change windows, better protection of critical infrastructure, and the ability to respond to incidents. The following observations have been identified:
1. The ICS supplier has specified that any software installed will result in lack of support.
2. There is no documented trust boundary defined between the SCADA and corporate networks.
3. Operational technology staff have to manage the SCADA equipment via the engineering workstation.
4. There is a lack of understanding of what is within the SCADA network.
Which of the following capabilities would BEST improve the security position?

Question76: A security engineer is working with a software development team. The engineer is tasked with ensuring all security requirements are adhered to by the developers.
Which of the following BEST describes the contents of the supporting document the engineer is creating?

Question77: An organization is considering the use of a thin client architecture as it moves to a cloud-hosted environment. A security analyst is asked to provide thoughts on the security advantages of using thin clients and virtual workstations.
Which of the following are security advantages of the use of this combination of thin clients and virtual workstations?

Question78: Users have been reporting unusual automated phone calls, including names and phone numbers, that appear to come from devices internal to the company. Which of the following should the systems administrator do to BEST address this problem?

Question79: To prepare for an upcoming audit, the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) asks for all 1200 vulnerabilities on production servers to be remediated. The security engineer must determine which vulnerabilities represent real threats that can be exploited so resources can be prioritized to migrate the most dangerous risks. The CISO wants the security engineer to act in the same manner as would an external threat, while using vulnerability scan results to prioritize any actions. Which of the following approaches is described?

Question80: A deployment manager is working with a software development group to assess the security of a new version of the organization's internally developed ERP tool. The organization prefers to not perform assessment activities following deployment, instead focusing on assessing security throughout the life cycle. Which of the following methods would BEST assess the security of the product?

Question81: During a security assessment, activities were divided into two phases; internal and external exploitation.
The security assessment team set a hard time limit on external activities before moving to a compromised box within the enterprise perimeter.
Which of the following methods is the assessment team most likely to employ NEXT?

Question82: A penetration tester noticed special characters in a database table. The penetration tester configured the browser to use an HTTP interceptor to verify that the front-end user registration web form accepts invalid input in the user's age field. The developer was notified and asked to fix the issue.
Which of the following is the MOST secure solution for the developer to implement?